Market Interest Rates: Rising interest rates generally decrease the attractiveness of bond funds like VVJCX, causing prices to fall as yields on newer bonds become more appealing.

Credit Quality: Deterioration in the creditworthiness of bonds held by the fund will negatively impact VVJCX's price. Downgrades lead to lower valuations.

Inflation Expectations: Higher inflation expectations tend to push bond yields up, thus lowering bond prices and subsequently the fund's net asset value.

Economic Growth: A strong economy often leads to higher interest rates and inflationary pressures, which can negatively impact VVJCX's performance.

Fund Flows: Large outflows from VVJCX may force the fund to sell holdings, potentially depressing prices. Conversely, inflows can increase demand and prices.

Maturity Profile: VVJCX's average maturity affects sensitivity to interest rate changes. Longer maturities mean greater price volatility.

Supply and Demand: General supply and demand dynamics in the bond market impact fund prices. Increased supply lowers prices, while increased demand raises them.