Market Conditions: Overall market sentiment, economic growth, and investor confidence significantly influence fund valuations.

Underlying Assets: The performance of the assets held within the fund directly impacts its net asset value (NAV).

Interest Rates: Changes in interest rates can affect the value of fixed-income securities held by the fund.

Fund Management: The skill and strategy of the fund manager in selecting and managing investments contribute to the fund's performance.

Currency Fluctuations: Exchange rate movements can affect the value of the fund's holdings if it invests in assets denominated in foreign currencies.

Inflation: Rising inflation can erode the real value of investments, potentially impacting fund performance.

Regulatory Changes: New regulations or changes to existing regulations can affect the fund's investment strategy and expenses.

Fund Expenses: Management fees, operating expenses, and other costs charged by the fund reduce its overall return.

Supply and Demand: High demand for the fund can drive up its price, while low demand can lead to price declines.

Geopolitical Events: Global political events and economic instability can create market volatility and impact fund valuations.