Market Performance: Overall performance of the markets where the fund invests directly impacts its net asset value (NAV).

Underlying Asset Values: Changes in the prices of the securities held within the fund's portfolio (stocks, bonds, etc.) dictate NAV.

Fund Management: The fund manager's investment decisions, trading strategies and expertise influence returns, thus impacting price.

Investor Demand: Increased demand can drive up the price if the fund trades at a premium to its NAV; conversely, selling pressure lowers it.

Economic Conditions: Macroeconomic factors like interest rates, inflation, and GDP growth affect markets and the performance of fund holdings.

Fund Expenses: Management fees, operating costs, and other expenses are deducted from fund assets, reducing returns and potentially the price.

Currency Fluctuations: If the fund invests in assets denominated in foreign currencies, exchange rate changes can impact the fund's value.

Geopolitical Events: Political instability, trade wars, or other global events can create market volatility and affect investment values.

Regulatory Changes: New regulations or policy shifts can alter the investment landscape and impact certain sectors or asset classes.

Sector Performance: The performance of specific sectors in which the fund heavily invests influences overall return.

Dividend Income: Dividends received from holdings contribute to the fund's income and affect the value positively.

Interest Rate Movements: Changes in interest rates can affect bond prices, impacting bond funds or funds holding bonds.